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CreateMosaicDataset \\gisfs1q\Orthos\Orthos_2015\Orthos2015.gdb Mosaic2015 "PROJCS['NAD_1983_StatePlane_Michigan_South_FIPS_2113_Feet_Intl',GEOGCS['GCS_North_American_1983',DATUM['D_North_American_1983',SPHEROID['GRS_1980',6378137.0,298.257222101]],PRIMEM['Greenwich',0.0],UNIT['Degree',0.0174532925199433]],PROJECTION['Lambert_Conformal_Conic'],PARAMETER['False_Easting',13123359.58005249],PARAMETER['False_Northing',0.0],PARAMETER['Central_Meridian',-84.36666666666666],PARAMETER['Standard_Parallel_1',42.1],PARAMETER['Standard_Parallel_2',43.66666666666666],PARAMETER['Latitude_Of_Origin',41.5],UNIT['Foot',0.3048]];-107138600 -97193800 3048;-100000 10000;-100000 10000;3.28083989501312E-03;0.001;0.001;IsHighPrecision" # # NONE #
DefineOverviews \\gisfs1q\Orthos\Orthos_2015\Orthos2015.gdb\Mosaic2015 \\gisfs1q\Orthos\Orthos_2015\Overviews # "13302000 334000 13474500 511500" # # 5120 5120 3 NO_FORCE_OVERVIEW_TILES BILINEAR JPEG 80
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Kris Andersen
Sanborn Mapping Company, Inc
Project Manager
719-593-0093
719-528-5093
1935 Jamboree Drive, Suite 100
Colorado Springs
CO
80920
US
sagarwal@sanborn.com
kandersen@sanborn.com
8 - 5 Moutain Time
ArcGIS Metadata
1.0
Everett Root
Center for Shared Solutions
Dept. of Technology, Management & Budget (DTMB)
517-373-7910
111 S. Capitol Ave
Lansing
MI
48933
8:30am - 4:30pm EST
TIFF
\\conas\projects\312014473_Michigan\Ortho\6in\deliv\Final_Deliv\Oakland
EnterpriseOrthoTC2015ImageService
Oakland County, Michigan
remote-sensing image
2015 OrthoImage
2015-04-13T00:00:00
2015-11-17T00:00:00
<DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>This 2015 raster dataset consists of 8-bit, 4-band (R, G, B, NIR) color orthoimagery. A digital orthoimage is a raster image processed from vertical aerial images in which displacement in the image due to sensor orientation and terrain relief have been removed. Orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of an image with the geometric qualities of a map. Unlike planimetric maps which depict natural and manmade features by means of lines, point symbols, texts and polygons, orthoimagery illustrates the actual images of features and are thus more easily interpreted than regular maps. The normal orientation of data in an orthoimage is by lines (rows) and samples (columns). Each line contains a series of pixels ordered from west to east with the order of the lines from north to south. Each image tile is stored in industry standard TIFF (tagged interchange file format) with an associated TIFF world file. Aerial imagery was acquired between April 12 and 15 2015 from flying heights of approximately 1400-1640 feet above ground level (AGL). Each orthoimage tile is 2500feet X 2500feet in dimension, edge-tied with the adjacent tiles (no gap and no overlap). This dataset is published in NAD_1983_HARN_StatePlane_Michigan_South_FIPS_2111_Feet_Intl_feet. </SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
This 2015 raster dataset consists of 8-bit, 4-band (R, G, B, NIR) color orthoimagery. A digital orthoimage is a raster image processed from vertical aerial images in which displacement in the image due to sensor orientation and terrain relief have been removed. Orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of an image with the geometric qualities of a map. Unlike planimetric maps which depict natural and manmade features by means of lines, point symbols, texts and polygons, orthoimagery illustrates the actual images of features and are thus more easily interpreted than regular maps. The normal orientation of data in an orthoimage is by lines (rows) and samples (columns). Each line contains a series of pixels ordered from west to east with the order of the lines from north to south. Each image tile is stored in industry standard TIFF (tagged interchange file format) with an associated TIFF world file. Aerial imagery was acquired between April 12 and 15 2015 from flying heights of approximately 1400-1640 feet above ground level (AGL). Each orthoimage tile is 2500feet X 2500feet in dimension, edge-tied with the adjacent tiles (no gap and no overlap). This dataset is published in NAD_1983_HARN_StatePlane_Michigan_South_FIPS_2111_Feet_Intl_feet.
Everett Root
Center for Shared Solutions
Dept. of Technology, Management & Budget (DTMB)
517-373-7910
111 S. Capitol Ave
Lansing
MI
48933
US
8:30am - 5:30pm EST
Oakland County, Michigan
Oakland County, Michigan
2015
April 2015
Rectified Imagery
OrthoImage
OrthoImage 2015
2015
Oakland County
Michigan
OrthoImage
April 2015
OrthoImage 2015
http://www.oakgov.com/it/gis/Documents/EnhancedAccessPolicy.pdf
publication date
13279500
13449500
79419.5
224000
http://www.oakgov.com/it/gis/Documents/GISDataPolicies.pdf
Version 6.2 (Build 9200) ; Esri ArcGIS 10.7.1.11595
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The digital imagery for each acquisition sortie is differentially rectified to produce orthophotography at a resolution of 1ft. Once the imagery has passed quality control review, final radiometric adjustments are performed to create a uniform overall appearance. The process is overseen by a ASPRS Certified Photogrammetrist (CP). The CP Overseeing production at Sanborn is Sanchit Agarwal.
Compliance with the accuracy standard was ensured by the collection of airborne GPS data and by referencing the ground control points.
Horizontal accuracy is based on ground control and digital elevation model data provided by Sanborn Map Company that was used in the production of the digital orthoimagery.
The digital orthoimagery accuracy requirement meets the Oakland County Requirement of ASPRS Class 1 of clearly identifiable features within the photography. The orthoimagery has been compared to the airborne GPS and surveyed locations to confirm the requirement has been met.
1
For the orthophoto product, there is no vertical accuracy.
For the orthophoto product, there is no vertical accuracy.
1
Masspoint Autocorrelation: Sanborn will use autocorrelation to capture masspoints in areas not containing a DEM. This process uses SimActive Auto-Correlator 3D (SimActive) software. SimActive is a graphic processing unit (GPU) enabled software that can mass-produce the DEM surface at least five times more efficiently than the traditional auto-correlation engines. SimActive generates DEM points from digital aerial images and has a high overall accuracy. SimActive provides a large number of terrain points with medium accuracy by matching identical features in each of the stereo models. SimActive then filters these points to create a very precise masspoint grid for the entire model, or within a predefined collection boundary. SimActive will produce a grid of high density masspoints with an accuracy of approximately 1/10,000 of the flying height of aerial imagery obtained under optimal conditions. SimActive surface modeling parameters will be tailored to the terrain types in the project area to ensure high accuracy masspoints.
Softcopy (Digital) Aerotriangulation: This task involved the densification of ground control points, measurement of photo coordinates, computation and block adjustment to solve for exterior orientation parameters of individual photographs necessary for ortho-rectification. New ground control locations surveyed by the Sanborn map company; a combination of photo-identical points and targeted points were used. The ground control points were measured in a fully digital environment using softcopy stereoplotters and tie point and passpoints automatically generated. Analytical aerotriangulation computations and adjustment were done using ZI Imaging's ISAT software, which is capable of performing bundle block adjustments using a rigorous least squares analysis, and possesses error detection and removal facilities. Systematic error corrections for lens distortion, earth curvature, and atmospheric refraction. State-of-the-art software with highly sophisticated error-detection routines was used to perform the computation and bundle block adjustment. Trained aerial triangulation specialist analyzed both numerical printouts and graphical error vector output display to detect gaps or holes in the block due to missing tie points, pass points or ground control.
Orthorectification: This task involved orthorectification of the raw digital raster images that were created from processing of Micorsoft Ultracam Eagle digital camera data. A number of image processing techniques were used to maximize the quality of the deliverable images. All operations were performed using Sanborn's proprietary APS (METRO) software. The un-rectified raster images were georeferenced to the Oakland County Auto-Correlated Surface using the digital aerotriangulation result and aerial camera data. Digital orthoimagery was created by draping the un-rectified raster images over their corresponding digital terrain models. All relief displacement was removed from the raw image files at ground level on a pixel-by-pixel basis using mathamatical pixel manipulation and seams, yielding a set of orthorectified digital photo images. Mosaicking was performed to ensure a perfect edge match between all orthoimage tiles. Seam lines were generated automatically and manually manipulated where necessary to ensure that no image flaws result from seam lines passing through tall structures. Seamline calculations bring in radiometric values of the pixels that are used first and then the terrain is brought into the equation. The software uses the radiometric values to go around cars and buildings the best it can. If the software detects a substantial change in the surface (like steep hills to cliffs), the software will try to compensate with another image, to avoid smearing of the imagery. If the seams would not compensate for the surface change, it would create a smear or the hillside would be more stretched than it should be. There will be on occasion patches of seams hiding these terrain changes. All orthoimagery tiles were generated butt joints, no overlaps nor gaps. Radiometric adjustment was performed to balance and match color tones, brightness and contrast of the imagery over the whole project. Color orthoimagery were produced 8-bit per channel, resulting in 8-bit RGB, .tif/.tfw format with a pixel size of 0.5ft. Ortho tiles were generated according to the pre-approved County orthoimagery tile layout, with tiles 2500'X 2500'.
The digital aerial imagery was transferred from the UCEcamera to a Mass Storage Unit (MSU) and shipped to Sanborn's main facility in Colorado Springs. Once downloaded, Data is processed via Micorsoft ultramap software from the raw camera format to a 4-band unsharpened color image and a pan image. An application is executed that outputs the mid-exposure pulse for each image. At this point a POS file is processed photo files as input to the Aerial Triangulation process. Raw camera data files are archived on LTO3 tapes. The imagery is processed using Intergraph PPS processing software to create a 3-band color image in natural color (RGB) format. The images are archived (on LTO3 tapes) and removed from system when orthophotography production has been completed.
Several major processes were done before the Oakland County orthophotos were produced namely: digital aerial photography, imagery processing and QC, softcopy aerial triangulation and QC, ortho-rectification and QC. Aerial Photography: Aerial Photography was acquired with 100 mm focal length, Micorsoft Utltracam Eagle precision digital aerial mapping camera on April 12th and 15th, 2015. Aerial photography was flown at 14500 feet AGL. Planes were deployed with gyro-stabilized mount and equipped with forward motion compensation, Ariborne GPS and Intertial Measurement Unit.The photo mission was conducted under optimal atmospheric conditions and greater than 30 degree sun angle.
Quality Control All orthophoto tiles were thoroughly inspected according to Sanborn QA/QC quality control procedures. Comprehensive visual inspection included looking for mosaicking, image smearing and color balancing across the entire project. The process is overseen by a ASPRS Certified Photogrammetrist. The CP Overseeing production at Sanborn is Sanchit Agarwal.
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